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c. 1715

Portrait of King George I of England

Elias Brenner

Finnish, 1647 - 1717

Although many miniatures are painted with watercolors on ivory, from about 1660 to 1720 miniaturists worked with sharpened pieces of graphite or black lead on parchment or calfskin. A skilled artist in this technique, called plumbago, was Elias Brenner. His miniature of the English King George I (1660-1727) is delicately touched with gold and a flesh-colored wash.

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